Index

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y

A

ABORT option

SHUTDOWN statement, 15.1.1.1

access control, 20.4.2

discretionary, definition, 1.2.7.1

fine-grained access control, 20.5.1

password encryption, 20.3.3.1

privileges, 20.4.2

roles, definition, 20.1.3

administrator privileges, 12.1.2

Advanced Queuing, 9.3.2.9

event publication, 22.3.4.1

publish-subscribe support, 22.3.4.1

queue monitor process, 9.3.2.9, 9.3.2.9

advisor framework, 14.2.4

advisors

Buffer Cache Advisor, 14.5

Java Pool Advisor, 14.5

Logfile Size Advisor, 14.8.2

MTTR Advisor, 14.8.2

PGA Advisor, 14.5

Segment Advisor, 14.2.4, 14.6.6

Shared Pool Advisor, 14.5

SQL Access Advisor, 14.2.4, 14.4, 16.3

SQL Tuning Advisor, 14.2.4, 14.4

Streams Pool Advisor, 14.5

Undo Advisor, 14.2.4, 14.6.1

AFTER triggers, 22.3.2.2

defined, 22.3.2.2

when fired, 22.4.1

aggregate functions

user-defined, 27.4

alert log, 9.3.3

ARCn processes, 9.3.2.8

definition, 1.1.3.6

redo logs, 9.3.2.2

alias

qualifying subqueries (inline views), 5.3.7

ALL_ views, 7.2.2.2

ALL_UPDATABLE_COLUMNS view, 5.3.5

ALTER DATABASE statement, 12.2.2.2

BACKUP CONTROLFILE clause, 15.1.1.2.2

ALTER SESSION statement, 24.1.1.4

SET CONSTRAINTS DEFERRED clause, 21.5.2

transaction isolation level, 13.2.5.1

ALTER statement, 24.1.1.2

ALTER SYSTEM statement, 24.1.1.5

ARCHIVE ALL option

using to archive online redo logs, 15.1.1.2.1

dynamic parameters

LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES, 9.3.2.8

ALTER TABLE statement

CACHE clause, 8.2.4.2

DEALLOCATE UNUSED clause, 2.3.4

disable or enable constraints, 21.6

MODIFY CONSTRAINT clause, 21.6.1

triggers, 22.2.1

validate or novalidate constraints, 21.6

ALTER USER statement

temporary segments, 2.4.3.3.1

American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

datatypes

conversion to Oracle datatypes, 26.8

ANALYZE statement

shared pool, 8.2.6.5

anonymous PL/SQL blocks, 24.2.1, 24.2.1.4.3

applications, 24.2.1.1.2

contrasted with stored procedures, 24.2.1.4.3

dynamic SQL, 24.2.1.2.4

performance, 24.2.1.4.3

ANSI SQL standard

datatypes of, 26.8

ANSI/ISO SQL standard

data concurrency, 13.1.1

isolation levels, 13.2.6.1

application administrators, 20.6.3.5

application context, 20.6.2

application developers

privileges for, 20.6.3.4.1

roles for, 20.6.3.4.1

applications

application triggers compared with database triggers, 22.1

can find constraint violations, 21.2.1.4

context, 20.5.2

data dictionary references, 7.2.1.3

data warehousing, 5.8.11.1

database access through, 9.1

dependencies of, 6.5.2

enhancing security with, 20.4.3, 21.2.1.1

object dependencies and, 6.5.2.3

online transaction processing (OLTP)

reverse key indexes, 5.8.10

processes, 9.2

program interface and, 9.6

roles and, 20.4.3.1.1

security

application context, 20.5.2

sharing code, 8.5

transaction termination and, 4.2

architecture

client/server, definition, 1.1.2.1

archive log files

definition, 1.1.3.4

archived redo logs

ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE ALL statement, 15.1.1.2.1

backups, 15.1.3.3

ARCHIVELOG mode

archiver process (ARCn) and, 9.3.2.8

archiver process (ARCn)

described, 9.3.2.8

multiple processes, 9.3.2.8

archiving

after inconsistent closed backups, 15.1.1.2.1

after online backups, 15.1.1.2.1

ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE ALL statement, 15.1.1.2.1

ARCn background process, 9.3.2.8

array processing, 24.1.5.2.8

arrays

size of VARRAYs, 27.2.2.1

variable (VARRAYs), 27.2.2.1

attributes

object types, 27.1.1, 27.2.1

AUDIT statement, 24.1.1.2

locks, 13.3.5.2

auditing

audit options, 20.7.1

audit records, 20.7.1.1

audit trails, 20.7.1.1

database, 20.7.1.1.1

operating system, 20.7.1.1.3, 20.7.1.1.5

database and operating-system user names, 20.3.1

described, 20.7

distributed databases and, 20.7.1.1.2

fine-grained, 20.5.3

policies for, 20.6.5

privilege use, 20.7.1

range of focus, 20.7.1

schema object, 20.7.1, 20.7.1

security and, 20.7.1.1.3

statement, 20.7.1

transaction independence, 20.7.1.1.6

when options take effect, 20.7.1.1.6

authentication

database administrators, 20.3.6

described, 20.3

multitier, 20.3.4

network, 20.3.2.1

operating system, 20.3.1

Oracle, 20.3.3

password policy, 20.6.3.1

public key infrastructure, 20.3.2.2

remote, 20.3.2.3

users, 20.6.1.2

Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor, 14.3

automatic segment space management, 2.2.2

Automatic Storage Management, 14.11

benefits, 14.11.2

disk groups, 14.11, 14.11.1.1

Automatic Tuning Optimizer, 14.4

automatic undo management, 2.4.4, 14.6.1, 15.2.4.1.2

Automatic Workload Repository, 14.2.1

B

back-end of client/server architecture, 10.1

background processes, 9.3.2, 9.3.2

described, 9.3.2

diagrammed, 9.3.2

trace files for, 9.3.3

BACKUP CONTROLFILE clause

ALTER DATABASE statement, 15.1.1.2.2

backup mode, 15.1.3.1

backups

archived redo log, 15.1.3.3

consistent

whole database, 15.1.1.1

control files, 15.1.3.2

datafile, 15.1.2.3

inconsistent

whole database, 15.1.1.2, 15.1.1.2

logical, 15.3.4

online datafiles, 15.1.3.1

online tablespaces, 15.1.3.1

overview, 1.2.3

types listed, 1.2.3.2.4

whole database, 15.1.2.1

base tables

definition, 1.1.5.3

BEFORE triggers, 22.3.2.1

defined, 22.3.2.1

when fired, 22.4.1

BFILE datatype, 26.5.3

bigfile tablespaces, 1.1.4.1, 3.2.1

benefits, 3.2.1.1

considerations, 3.2.1.2

binary data

BFILEs, 26.5.3

BLOBs, 26.5.1

RAW and LONG RAW, 26.6

BINARY_DOUBLE datatype, 26.3.2.2

BINARY_FLOAT datatype, 26.3.2.1

bitmap indexes, 1.2.5.4, 5.8.11, 16.4

cardinality, 5.8.11.2

nulls and, 5.2.3, 5.8.11.4

parallel query and DML, 5.8.11.1, 16.4, 16.4

bitmap tablespace management, 3.2.7.1

bitmaps

to manage free space, 2.2.2

BLOBs (binary large objects), 26.5.1

blocking transactions, 13.2.6.1

block-level recovery, 13.3.4.1

blocks

anonymous, 24.2.1, 24.2.1.4.3

database, 2.2

BOOLEAN datatype, 26.1

branch blocks, 5.8.6.2

broker, 17.2.3.1.4

B-tree indexes, 5.8.6.2

compared with bitmap indexes, 5.8.11, 5.8.11.2

index-organized tables, 5.9

buff, 9.3.2.1

Buffer Cache Advisor, 14.5

buffer caches, 8.2.4

database, 8.2.4, 9.3.2.1

definition, 1.1.7.3.1

extended buffer cache (32-bit), 8.2.11.3

multiple buffer pools, 8.2.4.4

buffer pools, 8.2.4.4

BUFFER_POOL_KEEP initialization parameter, 8.2.4.4

BUFFER_POOL_RECYCLE initialization parameter, 8.2.4.4

buffers

database buffer cache

incremental checkpoint, 9.3.2.1

redo log, 8.2.5

redo log, definition, 1.1.7.3.2

business rules

enforcing in application code, 21.2.1

enforcing using stored procedures, 21.2.1

enforcing with constraints

advantages of, 21.2.1

byte semantics, 26.2.3

C

CACHE clause, 8.2.4.2

Cache Fusion, 13.2.4

caches

buffer, 8.2.4

multiple buffer pools, 8.2.4.4

cache hit, 8.2.4.1

cache miss, 8.2.4.1

data dictionary, 7.2.1.2, 8.2.6.4

location of, 8.2.6

database buffer, definition, 1.1.7.3.1

library cache, 8.2.6, 8.2.6.1, 8.2.6.4

object cache, 25.2.1, 25.2.4

object views, 27.6.2

private SQL area, 8.2.6.2

shared SQL area, 8.2.6, 8.2.6.2

calls

Oracle call interface, 9.6.1

cannot serialize access, 13.2.6.1

cardinality, 5.8.11.2

CASCADE actions

DELETE statements and, 21.3.4.3.2

century, 26.4.3

certificate authority, 20.3.2.2

chaining of rows, 2.2.2.2, 5.2.1.1

Change Data Capture, 16.2.5, 23.3.1.5

CHAR datatype, 26.2.1

blank-padded comparison semantics, 26.2.1

character semantics, 26.2.3

character sets

CLOB and NCLOB datatypes, 26.5.2

column lengths, 26.2.3

NCHAR and NVARCHAR2, 26.2.4.2

check constraints, 21.3.5

checking mechanism, 21.4

defined, 21.3.5

multiple constraints on a column, 21.3.5.2

subqueries prohibited in, 21.3.5.1

checkpoint process (CKPT), 9.3.2.3

checkpoints

checkpoint process (CKPT), 9.3.2.3

control files and, 3.4.1

DBWn process, 9.3.2.1, 9.3.2.3

incremental, 9.3.2.1

statistics on, 9.3.2.3

CKPT background process, 9.3.2.3

client processes. See user processes

clients

in client/server architecture, definition, 1.1.2.1.1

client/server architectures, 10.1

definition, 1.1.2.1

diagrammed, 10.1

distributed processing in, 10.1

overview of, 10.1

program interface, 9.6

CLOB datatype, 26.5.2

clone databases

mounting, 12.2.2.3

cluster keys, 5.11

CLUSTER_DATABASE parameter, 12.2.2.1

clustered computer systems

Real Application Clusters, 12.1.1

clusters

cannot be partitioned, 18

definition, 1.1.5.4

dictionary locks and, 13.3.5.5

hash, 5.12

contrasted with index, 5.12

index

contrasted with hash, 5.12

indexes on, 5.8

cannot be partitioned, 18

keys, 5.11

affect indexing of nulls, 5.2.3

overview of, 5.11

rowids and, 5.2.1.2

scans of, 8.2.4.2

storage parameters of, 5.2.1

coalescing extents, 2.3.4.1

coalescing free space

extents

SMON process, 9.3.2.4

within data blocks, 2.2.2.1

collections, 27.2.2

index-organized tables, 5.9.1

key compression, 5.8.9.3

nested tables, 27.2.2.2

variable arrays (VARRAYs), 27.2.2.1

columns

cardinality, 5.8.11.2

column objects, 27.2.1.2.1

default values for, 5.2.4

described, 5.2

integrity constraints, 5.2, 5.2.4.1, 21.1.2.1, 21.3

maximum in concatenated indexes, 5.8.2

maximum in view or table, 5.3

nested tables, 5.2.6

order of, 5.2.1.3

prohibiting nulls in, 21.3.1

pseudocolumns

ROWID, 26.7.1

COMMENT statement, 24.1.1.2

COMMIT comment

deprecation of, 4.2.4.2

COMMIT statement, 24.1.1.3

ending a transaction, 4.1

fast commit, 9.3.2.2

implied by DDL, 4.1

two-phase commit, 4.2.5

committing transactions

defined, 4.1

fast commit, 9.3.2.2

group commits, 9.3.2.2

implementation, 9.3.2.2

comparison methods, 27.2.1.1.2

compiled PL/SQL

advantages of, 24.2.1.4.1

procedures, 24.2.1.4.3

pseudocode, 22.4.3

shared pool, 24.2.1.1.2

triggers, 22.4.3

complete recovery, 15.2.1.1

definition, 15.2.1.1

composite indexes, 5.8.2, 5.8.2

compression, index key, 5.8.9

concatenated indexes, 5.8.2, 5.8.2

concurrency

data, definition, 1.2.1.1

described, 13.1

limits on

for each user, 20.4.1.1.5

transactions and, 13.3.1

configuration of a database

process structure, 9.1.2

configurations

Data Guard, 17.2.3.1.1

configuring

parameter file, 12.1.3

process structure, 9.1

connection pooling, 20.3.4

connections

defined, 9.2.1

embedded SQL, 24.1.1.6

listener process and, 9.4.1.1, 10.3.2

restricting, 12.2.1.1

sessions contrasted with, 9.2.1

with administrator privileges, 12.1.2

consistency

read consistency, definition, 1.2.1.2

consistent backups

whole database, 15.1.1.1

constants

in stored procedures, 24.2.1.2.1

constraints

alternatives to, 21.2.1

applications can find violations, 21.2.1.4

CHECK, 21.3.5

default values and, 21.4.1

defined, 5.2

disabling temporarily, 21.2.1.6

effect on performance, 21.2.1.5

enforced with indexes, 5.8.3

PRIMARY KEY, 21.3.3.2

UNIQUE, 21.3.2.2

FOREIGN KEY, 21.3.4

integrity

types listed, 1.2.8.1

integrity, definition, 1.2.8.1

mechanisms of enforcement, 21.4

modifying, 21.6.1

NOT NULL, 21.3.1, 21.3.2.3

on views, 5.4.1

PRIMARY KEY, 21.3.3

referential

effect of updates, 21.3.4.3

self-referencing, 21.3.4.1

triggers cannot violate, 22.4

triggers contrasted with, 22.1.1.2

UNIQUE key, 21.3.2

partially null, 21.3.2.3

what happens when violated, 21.2

when evaluated, 5.2.4.1

constructor methods, 27.2.1.1.1

contention

for data

deadlocks, 13.3.2

lock escalation does not occur, 13.3.1.3

control files, 3.4

backups, 15.1.3.2

changes recorded, 3.4.1

checkpoints and, 3.4.1

contents, 3.4.1

definition, 1.1.3.2

how specified, 12.1.3

multiplexed, 3.4.2

overview, 3.4

used in mounting database, 12.2.2

converting data

program interface, 9.6

correlation names

inline views, 5.3.7

CPU time limit, 20.4.1.1.3

crash recovery

overview, 15.2.4.2

CREATE CLUSTER statement

storage parameters, 2.4.1

CREATE INDEX statement

storage parameters, 2.4.2

temporary segments, 2.4.3.1

CREATE PACKAGE statement

locks, 13.3.5.2

CREATE PROCEDURE statement

locks, 13.3.5.2

CREATE statement, 24.1.1.2

CREATE SYNONYM statement

locks, 13.3.5.2

CREATE TABLE statement

CACHE clause, 8.2.4.2

enable or disable constraints, 21.6

locks, 13.3.5.2

storage parameters, 2.4.1

triggers, 22.2.1

CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE statement, 5.2.7

CREATE TRIGGER statement

compiled and stored, 22.4.3

locks, 13.3.5.2

CREATE USER statement

temporary segments, 2.4.3.3.1

CREATE VIEW statement

locks, 13.3.5.2

cursors

creating, 24.1.5.2.1

defined, 24.1.2

definition, 1.1.7.3.4

embedded SQL, 24.1.1.6

maximum number of, 24.1.2

object dependencies and, 6.4

opening, 8.3.1.1.1, 24.1.2

private SQL areas and, 8.3.1.1.1, 24.1.2

recursive, 24.1.2

recursive SQL and, 24.1.2

scrollable, 24.1.2.1

stored procedures and, 24.2.1.2.2

D

dangling REFs, 27.2.1.5.2, 27.2.1.5.3

data

access to

concurrent, 13.1

fine-grained access control, 20.5.1

concurrency, definition, 1.2.1.1

consistency of

locks, 13.1.2

manual locking, 13.3.7

read consistency, definition, 1.2.1.2

repeatable reads, 13.2.3

transaction level, 13.2.3

underlying principles, 13.3

how stored in tables, 5.2.1

integrity of, 5.2, 21.1

CHECK constraints, 21.3.5

enforcing, 21.1.2, 21.2.1

referential, 21.1.1.4, 21.1.1.4

types, 21.1.1

locks on, 13.3.4

security of, 20.6.2

data blocks, 2.1

cached in memory, 9.3.2.1

coalescing free space in blocks, 2.2.2.1

controlling free space in, 2.2.3

definition, 1.1.4.2

format, 2.2.1

free lists and, 2.2.3.2.1

how rows stored in, 5.2.1.1

overview, 2.1

row directory, 5.2.1.1

shared in clusters, 5.11

shown in rowids, 26.7.2.1, 26.7.2.2

space available for inserted rows, 2.2.3.2.1

stored in the buffer cache, 8.2.4

writing to disk, 9.3.2.1

data conversion

program interface, 9.6

data definition language

definition, 1.3.1.1.1

described, 24.1.1.2

embedding in PL/SQL, 24.2.1.2.4

locks, 13.3.5

parsing with DBMS_SQL, 24.2.1.2.4

processing statements, 24.1.5.3

data dictionary

access to, 7.1.1

ALL prefixed views, 7.2.2.2

cache, 8.2.6.4

location of, 8.2.6

content of, 7.1, 8.2.6.4

datafiles, 3.2.2.1

DBA prefixed views, 7.2.2.3

defined, 7.1

dependencies tracked by, 6.1

dictionary managed tablespaces, 3.2.7.3

DUAL table, 7.2.2.4

dynamic performance tables, 7.3

locks, 13.3.5

owner of, 7.1.2

prefixes to views of, 7.2.2

public synonyms for, 7.2.1.1

row cache and, 8.2.6.4

structure of, 7.1.1

SYSTEM tablespace, 3.2.2.1, 7.1, 7.2.2

USER prefixed views, 7.2.2.1

uses of, 7.2

table and column definitions, 24.1.5.2.2

Data Guard

broker, 17.2.3.1.4

configurations, 17.2.3.1.1

logical standby databases, 17.2.3.1.3

physical standby databases, 17.2.3.1.2

data loading

with external tables, 5.2.8.2

data locks

conversion, 13.3.1.3

duration of, 13.3.1

escalation, 13.3.1.3

data manipulation language

definition, 1.3.1.1.2

described, 24.1.1.1

locks acquired by, 13.3.4.3

processing statements, 24.1.5.2

serializable isolation for subqueries, 13.2.7.2

triggers and, 1.2.8.3, 22.1.1, 22.4.2

data object number

extended rowid, 26.7.2.1

data protection

modes, 17.2.3.1.1

Data Pump Export, 11.2.1

dump file set, 11.2.1

Data Pump Import, 11.2.2

data security

definition, 1.2.7

data segments, 2.4.1, 5.2.1

definition, 1.1.4.4

data warehouse, 16.1.1.4

data warehousing

architecture, 16.1.3

bitmap indexes, 5.8.11.1

dimension schema objects, 5.5

ETL, 1.2.5.1

hierarchies, 5.5

invalidated views and packages, 6.2.1.3

materialized views, 1.2.5.3, 5.4

OLAP, 1.2.5.1

summaries, 5.4

database

staging, 16.1.1.4

database administrators

application administrator versus, 20.6.3.5

roles

for security, 20.6.3.3

security for, 20.6.3.3

security officer versus, 20.6.1

database administrators (DBAs)

authentication, 20.3.6

data dictionary views, 7.2.2.3

password files, 20.3.6

database buffers

after committing transactions, 4.2.1

buffer cache, 8.2.4

clean, 9.3.2.1

committing transactions, 9.3.2.2

defined, 8.2.4

definition, 1.1.7.3.1

dirty, 8.2.4.1, 9.3.2.1

free, 8.2.4.1

multiple buffer pools, 8.2.4.4

pinned, 8.2.4.1

size of cache, 8.2.4.3

writing of, 9.3.2.1

Database Change Notification, 23.3.1.4

Database Creation Assistant, 14.1.1

database object metadata, 7.4

Database Resource Manager

introduction, 14.10.1

terminology, 14.10.1.1

database structures

control files, 3.4

data blocks, 2, 2.2

data dictionary, 7

datafiles, 3, 3.3

extents, 2.1, 2.3

memory, 8

processes, 9

revealing with rowids, 26.7.2.2

schema objects, 5.1

segments, 2.1, 2.4

tablespaces, 3, 3.2

database triggers, 22

Database Upgrade Assistant, 14.1.3

database writer process (DBWn), 9.3.2.1

checkpoints, 9.3.2.1

defined, 9.3.2.1

least recently used algorithm (LRU), 9.3.2.1

multiple DBWn processes, 9.3.2.1

when active, 9.3.2.1

write-ahead, 9.3.2.2

writing to disk at checkpoints, 9.3.2.3

databases

access control

password encryption, 20.3.3.1

clone database, 12.2.2.3

closing, 12.3.1

terminating the instance, 12.3.1.1

distributed

changing global database name, 8.2.6.5

incarnations, 15.2.1.2

limitations on usage, 20.4.1

mounting, 12.2.2

name stored in control files, 3.4.1

open and closed, 12.1.1

opening, 12.2.3

opening read-only, 12.2.3.4

password encryption, 20.6.3.1

production, 20.6.3.4.1, 20.6.3.5

scalability, 10.1, 16.5

shutting down, 12.3

standby, 12.2.2.2

starting up, 12.1

forced, 12.3.3.1

structures

control files, 3.4

data blocks, 2, 2.2

data dictionary, 7

datafiles, 3, 3.3

extents, 2.1, 2.3

logical, 2

memory, 8

processes, 9

revealing with rowids, 26.7.2.2

schema objects, 5.1

segments, 2.1, 2.4

tablespaces, 3, 3.2

test, 20.6.3.4.1

datafiles

backing up, 15.1.2.3

contents of, 3.3.1

data dictionary, 3.2.2.1

datafile 1, 3.2.2.1

SYSTEM tablespace, 3.2.2.1

definition, 1.1.3.1

in online or offline tablespaces, 3.3.3

named in control files, 3.4.1

online backups, 15.1.3.1

overview of, 3.3

read-only, 3.2.10

relationship to tablespaces, 3.1

shown in rowids, 26.7.2.1, 26.7.2.2

SYSTEM tablespace, 3.2.2.1, 3.2.2.1

taking offline, 3.3.3

temporary, 3.3.4

datatypes, 1.3.6, 26.1

ANSI, 26.8

array types, 27.2.2.1

BOOLEAN, 26.1

CHAR, 26.2.1

character, 26.2, 26.5.2

collections, 27.2.2

conversions of

by program interface, 9.6

non-Oracle types, 26.8

Oracle to another Oracle type, 26.11

DATE, 26.4

DB2, 26.8

how they relate to tables, 5.2

in PL/SQL, 26.1

list of available, 1.3.6, 26.1

LOB datatypes, 1.2.6.2, 26.5

BFILE, 26.5.3

BLOB, 26.5.1

CLOB and NCLOB, 26.5.2

LONG, 26.2.7

storage of, 5.2.1.3

multimedia, 27.1.2

NCHAR and NVARCHAR2, 26.2.4.2

nested tables, 5.2.6, 27.2.2.2

NUMBER, 26.3.1

object types, 27.2.1

RAW and LONG RAW, 26.6

ROWID, 26.7, 26.7.2

SQL/DS, 26.8

TIMESTAMP, 26.4.5

TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE, 26.4.5

TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE, 26.4.5

URI, 26.10

user-defined, 27, 27.2

VARCHAR, 26.2.2.1

VARCHAR2, 26.2.2

XML, 26.9

DATE datatype, 26.4

arithmetic with, 26.4.2

changing default format of, 26.4

Julian dates, 26.4.1

midnight, 26.4

DATETIME datatypes, 26.4.4

daylight savings support, 26.4.4

DB_BLOCK_SIZE initialization parameter, 3.2.8, 8.2.4.3

DB_BLOCK_SIZE parameter

buffer cache, 8.2.4.3

DB_CACHE_SIZE initialization parameter, 8.2.1, 8.2.3, 8.2.4.3.1

DB_CACHE_SIZE parameter

buffer cache, 8.2.4.3

system global area size and, 8.2.1

DB_KEEP_CACHE_SIZE initialization parameter, 8.2.4.3, 8.2.4.4

DB_NAME parameter, 3.4.1

DB_nK_CACHE_SIZE initialization parameter, 8.2.4.3.1

DB_RECYCLY_CACHE_SIZE initialization parameter, 8.2.4.3, 8.2.4.4

DBA_ views, 7.2.2.3

DBA_UPDATABLE_COLUMNS view, 5.3.5

DBMS_LOCK package, 13.3.8

DBMS_RLS package

security policies, 20.5.1

DBMS_SQL package, 24.2.1.2.4

parsing DDL statements, 24.2.1.2.4

DBWn background process, 9.3.2.1

DDL. See data definition language (DDL)

deadlocks

avoiding, 13.3.2.2

defined, 13.3.2

detection of, 13.3.2.1

distributed transactions and, 13.3.2.1

deallocating extents, 2.3.4, 2.3.4

decision support systems (DSS)

materialized views, 5.4

dedicated servers, 9.5

compared with shared servers, 9.4

default access driver

for external tables, 5.2.8.1

default tablespace

definition, 20.1.4.1

default temporary tablespaces, 3.2.5

specifying, 3.2.5.1

default values, 5.2.4, 5.2.4

constraints effect on, 21.4.1

deferred constraints

deferrable or nondeferrable, 21.5.1

initially deferred or immediate, 21.5.1

define phase of query processing, 24.1.5.2.5

define variables, 24.1.5.2.5

degree of parallelism

parallel SQL, 16.5.1

delete cascade constraint, 21.3.4.3.2

DELETE statement, 24.1.1.1

foreign key references, 21.3.4.3.1

freeing space in data blocks, 2.2.2.1

triggers, 22.2.1

denormalized tables, 5.5

dependencies, 6

between schema objects, 6.1

function-based indexes, 5.8.5.3

local, 6.5.1

managing, 6

on non-existence of other objects, 6.3

Oracle Forms triggers and, 6.5.2.3

privileges and, 6.2.1.5

remote objects and, 6.5

shared pool and, 6.4

dereferencing, 27.2.1.5.3

implicit, 27.2.1.5.3

describe phase of query processing, 24.1.5.2.4

DETERMINISTIC functions

function-based indexes, 5.8.5.3.1

developers, application, 20.6.3.4.1

development languages, 25.1

dictionary cache locks, 13.3.6.2.1

dictionary managed tablespaces, 3.2.7.3

different-row writers block writers, 13.2.6.1

dimensions, 5.5

attributes, 5.5

hierarchies, 5.5

join key, 5.5

normalized or denormalized tables, 5.5

directory service

E

editing stored outlines, 24.1.6.1.2

embedded SQL, 24.1.1.6

dynamic SQL in PL/SQL, 24.2.1.2.4

encryption

database passwords, 20.6.3.1

enterprise directory service, 20.6.3.2

Enterprise Manager

alert log, 9.3.3

checkpoint statistics, 9.3.2.3

executing a package, 24.2.1.5

executing a procedure, 24.2.1.4

lock and latch monitors, 13.3.6

PL/SQL, 24.2.1.1.2

shutdown, 12.3, 12.3.3.1

SQL statements, 24.1

startup, 1.1.8.2, 12.2

statistics monitor, 20.4.1.2.2

Enterprise Manager Database Console, 14.1

enterprise roles, 20.6.3.2

enterprise users, 20.6.3.2

errors

in embedded SQL, 24.1.1.6

tracked in trace files, 9.3.3

ETL. See extraction, transformation, and loading (ETL), 1.2.5.2, 16.2

exceptions

during trigger execution, 22.4.1

raising, 24.2.1.2.3

stored procedures and, 24.2.1.2.3

exclusive locks

row locks (TX), 13.3.4.1

RX locks, 13.3.4.2.2

table locks (TM), 13.3.4.2

execution plans, 24.1.6.1

EXPLAIN PLAN, 24.1.1.1

location of, 8.2.6.2.1

parsing SQL, 24.1.5.2.2

EXPLAIN PLAN statement, 24.1.1.1

explicit locking, 13.3.7, 13.3.7

extended rowid format, 26.7.2.1

extents

allocating, 2.3.3

as collections of data blocks, 2.3

coalescing, 2.3.4.1

deallocation

when performed, 2.3.4, 2.3.4

defined, 2.1

definition, 1.1.4.3

dictionary managed, 3.2.7.3

incremental, 2.3.1

locally managed, 3.2.7.1

materialized views, 2.3.4.3

overview of, 2.3

external procedures, 24.2.1.4.6

external tables

parallel access, 5.2.8.3

extraction, transformation, and loading (ETL), 1.2.5.2, 16.2

overview, 1.2.5.2, 16.2

F

failures

database buffers and, 15.2.4.1

instance

recovery from, 12.2.3.1, 12.3.1.1

internal errors

tracked in trace files, 9.3.3

statement and process, 9.3.2.5

types listed, 1.2.3.1

fast commit, 9.3.2.2

fast refresh, 5.4.2

fast-start

rollback on demand, 15.2.4.1.2

features

new, 1.2.5.9, 16.8

fetching rows in a query, 24.1.5.2.9

embedded SQL, 24.1.1.6

file management locks, 13.3.6.2.2

files

ALERT and trace files, 9.3.3

alert log, 9.3.2.2

initialization parameter, 1.1.8.2, 12.1.3, 12.2.1

password, 20.3.6

administrator privileges, 12.1.2

server parameter, 1.1.8.2, 12.1.3, 12.2.1

trace files, 9.3.2.2

filtering data

using Data Pump import, 11.2

FINAL and NOT FINAL types, 27.3.1

fine-grained access control, 20.5.1, 20.6.2

fine-grained auditing, 20.5.3

fixed views, 7.3

flash recovery area, 15.4

Flashback Query, 13.4

overview, 13.4

uses, 13.4.2

Flashback row history, 13.4

Flashback transaction history, 13.4

floating-point numbers

datatypes, 26.3.2

foreign key constraints

changes in parent key values, 21.3.4.3

constraint checking, 21.4

deleting parent table rows and, 21.3.4.3.2

maximum number of columns in, 21.3.4

nulls and, 21.3.4.2

updating parent key tables, 21.3.4.3

updating tables, 21.3.4.4.1, 21.3.4.4.2

fractional seconds, 26.4.5

free lists, 2.2.3.2.1

free space

automatic segment space management, 2.2.2

coalescing extents

SMON process, 9.3.2.4

coalescing within data blocks, 2.2.2.1

free lists, 2.2.3.2.1

managing, 2.2.2

section of data blocks, 2.2.1.6

free space management, 14.6.3

in-segment, 2.2.2

front-ends, 10.1

full table scans

LRU algorithm and, 8.2.4.2

parallel exe, 16.5.1

function-based indexes, 5.8.5

dependencies, 5.8.5.3

DISABLED, 5.8.5.3.2, 5.8.5.3.3

privileges, 5.8.5.3, 5.8.5.3.2

UNUSABLE, 5.8.5.3.3

functions

function-based indexes, 5.8.5

PL/SQL, 24.2.1.4, 24.2.1.4

contrasted with procedures, 24.2.1.4

DETERMINISTIC, 5.8.5.3.1

SQL

COUNT, 5.8.11.4

in CHECK constraints, 21.3.5.1

in views, 5.3.3.1

NVL, 5.2.3

G

Generic Connectivity, 23.1, 23.4.1

global database names

shared pool and, 8.2.6.5

global partitioned indexes

maintenance, 18.3.2.3

Globalization Development Kit, 1.3.7

globalization support

character sets for, 26.2.3

CHECK constraints and, 21.3.5.1

NCHAR and NVARCHAR2 datatypes, 26.2.4.2

NCLOB datatype, 26.5.2

views and, 5.3.3.1

GRANT statement, 24.1.1.2

locks, 13.3.5.2

GROUP BY clause

temporary tablespaces, 3.2.11

group commits, 9.3.2.2

guesses in logical rowids, 26.7.3

staleness, 26.7.3.2

statistics for, 26.7.3.2

H

handles for SQL statements, 8.3.1.1.1

definition, 1.1.7.3.4

hash clusters, 5.12

contrasted with index, 5.12

headers

of data blocks, 2.2.1.1

of row pieces, 5.2.1.1

HI_SHARED_MEMORY_ADDRESS parameter, 8.2.11.2

hierarchies, 5.5

join key, 5.5

levels, 5.5

high water mark

definition, 2.1

hot backups

inconsistent whole database backups, 15.1.1.2

I

immediate constraints, 21.5

implicit dereferencing, 27.2.1.5.3

incarnations

of databases, 15.2.1.2

incomplete media recovery

definition, 15.2.1.2

incomplete recovery, 15.2.1.2

inconsistent backups

whole database

definition, 15.1.1.2

incremental checkpoint, 9.3.2.1

incremental refresh, 5.4.2

index segments, 2.4.2

indexes, 5.8

bitmap indexes, 5.8.11, 5.8.11.5

nulls and, 5.2.3

parallel query and DML, 5.8.11.1

branch blocks, 5.8.6.2

B-tree structure of, 5.8.6.2

building

using an existing index, 5.8

cardinality, 5.8.11.2

cluster

cannot be partitioned, 18

composite, 5.8.2

concatenated, 5.8.2

definition, 1.1.5.2

described, 5.8

domain, 5.10

enforcing integrity constraints, 21.3.2.2, 21.3.3.2

extensible, 5.10

function-based, 5.8.5

dependencies, 5.8.5.3

DETERMINISTIC functions, 5.8.5.3.1

DISABLED, 5.8.5.3.3

optimization with, 5.8.5.2

privileges, 5.8.5.3, 5.8.5.3.2

index-organized tables, 5.9

logical rowids, 26.7.3

secondary indexes, 5.9.3

internal structure of, 5.8.6.2

key compression, 5.8.9

keys and, 5.8.3

primary key constraints, 21.3.3.2

unique key constraints, 21.3.2.2

leaf blocks, 5.8.6.2

location of, 5.8.6

LONG RAW datatypes prohibit, 26.6

nonunique, 5.8.1

nulls and, 5.2.3, 5.8.4, 5.8.11.4

on complex datatypes, 5.10

overview of, 5.8

partitioned tables, 5.8.11.5

partitions, 1.2.5.10, 17.2.2.2, 18.1

performance and, 5.8

reverse key indexes, 5.8.10

rowids and, 5.8.6.2

storage format of, 5.8.6.1

unique, 5.8.1

when used with views, 5.3.3.2

index-organized tables, 5.9, 5.9.3

benefits, 5.9.1

key compression in, 5.8.9.3, 5.9.1

logical rowids, 26.7.3

secondary indexes on, 5.9.3

in-doubt transactions, 12.2.3.3

initialization parameter file, 1.1.8.2, 12.1.3, 12.2.1

startup, 1.1.8.2, 12.2.1

initialization parameters

basic, 14.1.4

BUFFER_POOL_KEEP, 8.2.4.4

BUFFER_POOL_RECYCLE, 8.2.4.4

CLUSTER_DATABASE, 12.2.2.1

DB_BLOCK_SIZE, 8.2.4.3

DB_CACHE_SIZE, 8.2.1, 8.2.4.3

DB_NAME, 3.4.1

HI_SHARED_MEMORY_ADDRESS, 8.2.11.2

LOCK_SGA, 8.2.11.1

LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES, 9.3.2.8

LOG_BUFFER, 8.2.1, 8.2.5

MAX_SHARED_SERVERS, 9.4.1.2

NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS, 26.3.1

OPEN_CURSORS, 8.3.1.1.1, 24.1.2

REMOTE_DEPENDENCIES_MODE, 6.5.2.1

SERVICE_NAMES, 10.3.2.1

SHARED_MEMORY_ADDRESS, 8.2.11.2

SHARED_POOL_SIZE, 8.2.1, 8.2.6

SHARED_SERVERS, 9.4.1.2

SKIP_UNUSABLE_INDEXES, 5.8.5.3.3

SORT_AREA_SIZE, 2.4.3.1

UNDO_MANAGEMENT, 12.2.3.2

USE_INDIRECT_DATA_BUFFERS, 8.2.11.3

initially deferred constraints, 21.5.1

initially immediate constraints, 21.5.1

INIT.ORA. See initialization parameter file.

inline views, 5.3.7

example, 5.3.7

INSERT statement, 24.1.1.1

free lists, 2.2.3.2.1

triggers, 22.2.1

BEFORE triggers, 22.3.2.1

instance failure

definition, 1.2.3.1

instance recovery

overview, 15.2.4.2

SMON process, 9.3.2.4

instances

associating with databases, 12.1.1, 12.2.2

definition, 1.1.7

described, 12.1

diagrammed, 9.3.2

memory structures of, 8.1

multiple-process, 9.1.1, 9.1.2

process structure, 9.1

recovery of, 12.3.1.1

opening a database, 12.2.3.1

SMON process, 9.3.2.4

restricted mode, 12.2.1.1

service names, 10.3.2

shutting down, 12.3, 12.3.3

starting, 1.1.8.2, 12.2

terminating, 12.3.1.1

Instant Client, 14.1.2

INSTEAD OF triggers, 22.3.3

nested tables, 27.6.4

object views, 27.6.3

integrity constraints, 21.1

default column values and, 5.2.4.1

definition, 1.2.8.1

types listed, 1.2.8.1

INTERNAL

security for, 20.6.3.3.2

internal errors tracked in trace files, 9.3.3

intrablock chaining, 5.2.1.1

IS NULL predicate, 5.2.3

ISO SQL standard, 26.8

isolation levels

choosing, 13.2.7

read committed, 13.2.5.2

setting, 13.2.5.1, 13.3.7

J

Java

attributes, 24.2.2.1.2

class hierarchy, 24.2.2.2

classes, 24.2.2.1.1

interfaces, 24.2.2.3

methods, 24.2.2.1.3

overview, 24.2.2

polymorphism, 24.2.2.4

triggers, 22, 22.2.3

Java Messaging Service, 24.2.2.7.6

Java Pool Advisor, 14.5

Java stored procedures, 24.2.2.7.1

Java virtual machine, 24.2.2.5

JAVA_POOL_SIZE initialization parameter, 8.2.1

JDBC

overview, 24.2.2.7.3

job queue processes, 9.3.2.7

jobs, 9.1

join views, 5.3.5

joins

encapsulated in views, 5.3.2

views, 5.3.5

K

key compression, 5.8.9

keys

cluster, 5.11

defined, 21.3.2.1

foreign, 21.3.4, 21.3.4

in constraints, definition, 1.2.8.2

indexes and, 5.8.3

compression, 5.8.9

PRIMARY KEY constraints, 21.3.3.2

reverse key, 5.8.10

UNIQUE constraints, 21.3.2.2

maximum storage for values, 5.8.2

parent, 21.3.4, 21.3.4.1

primary, 21.3.3

referenced, 21.3.4

reverse key indexes, 5.8.10

unique, 21.3.2

composite, 21.3.2.1, 21.3.2.3

L

large pool, 8.2.7

LARGE_POOL_SIZE initialization parameter, 8.2.1

large-scale clusters

disk affinity, 18.4.2

multiple Oracle instances, 12.1.1

latches

described, 13.3.6.1

leaf blocks, 5.8.6.2

least recently used (LRU) algorithm

database buffers and, 8.2.4.1

dictionary cache, 7.2.1.2

full table scans and, 8.2.4.2

latches, 9.3.2.1

shared SQL pool, 8.2.6.2.1, 8.2.6.5

LGWR background process, 9.3.2.2

library cache, 8.2.6, 8.2.6.1, 8.2.6.4

listener process, 10.3.2

service names, 10.3.2

listeners, 9.4.1.1, 10.3.2

service names, 10.3.2

loader access driver, 5.2.8.1

LOB datatypes, 1.2.6.2, 26.5

BFILE, 26.5.3

BLOBs, 26.5.1

CLOBs and NCLOBs, 26.5.2

local indexes, 16.4

bitmap indexes

on partitioned tables, 5.8.11.5

parallel query and DML, 5.8.11.1

locally managed tablespaces, 3.2.7.1

LOCK TABLE statement, 24.1.1.1

LOCK_SGA parameter, 8.2.11.1

locking

indexed foreign keys and, 21.3.4.4.2

unindexed foreign keys and, 21.3.4.4.1

locks, 13.1.2

after committing transactions, 4.2.1

automatic, 13.3, 13.3.3

conversion, 13.3.1.3

data, 13.3.4

duration of, 13.3.1

deadlocks, 13.3.2, 13.3.2.1

avoiding, 13.3.2.2

dictionary, 13.3.5

clusters and, 13.3.5.5

duration of, 13.3.5.4

dictionary cache, 13.3.6.2.1

DML acquired, 13.3.4.3.2

diagrammed, 13.3.4.3

escalation does not occur, 13.3.1.3

exclusive table locks (X), 13.3.4.2.5

file management locks, 13.3.6.2.2

how Oracle uses, 13.3

internal, 13.3.6

latches and, 13.3.6.1

log management locks, 13.3.6.2.2

manual, 13.3.7

object level locking, 25.2.1

Oracle Lock Management Services, 13.3.8

overview of, 13.1.2

parse, 13.3.5.3, 24.1.5.2.2

rollback segments, 13.3.6.2.3

row (TX), 13.3.4.1

row exclusive locks (RX), 13.3.4.2.2

row share table locks (RS), 13.3.4.2.1

share row exclusive locks (SRX), 13.3.4.2.4

share table locks (S), 13.3.4.2.3

share-subexclusive locks (SSX), 13.3.4.2.4

subexclusive table locks (SX), 13.3.4.2.2

subshare table locks (SS), 13.3.4.2.1

table (TM), 13.3.4.2

table lock modes, 13.3.4.2

tablespace, 13.3.6.2.3

types of, 13.3.3

uses for, 1.2.1.3

log entries, 1.1.3.3, 15.2.4.1.1

M

maintenance window, 14.2.2

manual locking, 13.3.7

manual undo management, 15.2.4.1.2

map methods, 27.2.1.1.2

materialized view logs, 5.4.3

materialized views, 5.4

deallocating extents, 2.3.4.3

materialized view logs, 5.4.3

partitioned, 5.4, 18

refresh

job queue processes, 9.3.2.7

refreshing, 5.4.2

uses for, 16.3

MAX_SHARED_SERVERS parameter, 9.4.1.2

maximize availability, 17.2.3.1.1

maximize data protection, 17.2.3.1.1

maximize performance, 17.2.3.1.1

media failure

definition, 1.2.3.1

media recovery